Tratamentul complex al afecţiunilor paradonţiului asociate cu edentaţii parţiale (Partea II)

Rezumat. Au fost examinaţi complex (clinic și paraclinic) 34 pacienţi (18 b, 16 f, cuprinsă între 35-52a.) cu parodontite marginale cronice profunde lent progresive, complicate cu migrări dentare și asociate cu edentaţii parţiale. S-a constatat că patologia se caracterizează prin lezarea lentă, însă în progresiune, a elementelor de suport ale dinţilor, iar în aspect clinico-radiologic, printr-o serie de semne și/sau simptome dominante: congestie gingivală și distrucţie osoasă, ceea ce duce la apariţia pungilor parodontale, mobilitate și migrarea dinţilor. Particularităţile manifestărilor clinice, datele examenelor paraclinice utilizate de noi, au stat la baza elaborării metodei moderne de tratament complex a parodontitelor marginale cronice cu migrări dentare. Scopul acestei metode este asocierea unor măsuri moderne de diagnostic și tratament pentru refacerea echilibrului morfo-funcţional și ameliorarea homeostaziei locale și loco-regionale.Summary. A complex examination (clinical and paraclinical) was conducted on 34 pacients (18 m, 16 f, aged between 35-52 yrs.), presenting slowly-progressing deep marginal chronic periodontitis, complicated with dental migrations and associated with partial edentations. It was concluded that the disease is characterized by a slowly-progressing damage to the supporting elements of the teeth, and in a radiologically-clinical aspect, by a series of dominant symptoms and signs, like gingival congestion and bone destruction, which leads to periodontal pockets formation, mobility and migration of the teeth. The particularities of the clinical signs and the data from paraclinical tests, were used to develop a modern method of complex treatment of the chronic marginal periodontitis, associated with dental migrations. The goal of this method is to associate modern diagnostic techniques with the treatment, in order to reestablish the morpho-functional balance and to improve local and loco-regional homeostasis

Diurnal changes in pathogenic and indicator virus concentrations in wastewater

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been commonly used for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. As sampling times and methods (i.e. grab vs composite) may vary, diurnal changes of viral concentrations in sewage should be better understood. In this study, we collected untreated wastewater samples hourly for 4 days at two wastewater treatment plants in Wales to establish diurnal patterns in virus concentrations and the physico-chemical properties of the water. Simultaneously, we also trialled three absorbent materials as passive samples as a simple and cost-efficient alternative for the collection of composite samples. Ninety-six percent of all liquid samples (n = 74) and 88% of the passive samplers (n = 59) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, whereas 87% and 97% of the liquid and passive samples were positive for the faecal indicator virus crAssphage, respectively. We found no significant daily variations in the concentration of the target viruses, ammonium and orthophosphate, and the pH and electrical conductivity levels were also stable. Weak positive correlations were found between some physico-chemical properties and viral concentrations. More variation was observed in samples taken from the influent stream as opposed to those taken from the influent tank. Of the absorbent materials trialled as passive samples, we found that tampons provided higher viral recoveries than electronegative filter paper and cotton gauze swabs. For all materials tested, viral recovery was dependent on the virus type. Our results indicate that grab samples may provide representative alternatives to 24-h composite samples if taken from the influent tank, hence reducing the costs of sampling for WBE programmes. Tampons are also viable alternatives for cost-efficient sampling; however, viral recovery should be optimised prior to use

Tratamentul complex al afecţiunilor parodonţiului asociate cu edentaţii parţiale

Rezumat. Au fost examinaţi complex (clinic şi paraclinic) 34 pacienţi (18b, 16f), cu vârsta cuprinsă între 35-52 ani, cu parodontite marginale cronice profunde lent progresive, complicate cu migrări dentare şi asociate cu edentaţii parţiale. S-a constatat că patologia se caracterizează prin lezarea lentă, însă în progresiune, a elementelor de suport ale dinţilor, iar în aspect clinicoradiologic, printr-o serie de semne şi/sau simptome dominante: congestie gingivală şi distrucţie osoasă, ceea ce duce la apariţia pungilor parodontale, mobilitate şi migrarea dinţilor. Particularităţile manifestărilor clinice, datele examenelor paraclinice utilizate de noi, au stat la baza elaborării metodei moderne de tratament complex a parodontitelor marginale cronice cu migrări dentare. Scopul acestei metode este asocierea unor măsuri moderne de diagnostic şi tratament pentru refacerea echilibrului morfo-funcţional şi ameliorarea homeostaziei locale şi loco-regionale la pacienţi cu parodontite marginale cronice lent progresive complicate cu migrări dentare şi asociate cu edentaţii parţiale.Summary. A complex examination (clinical and paraclinical) was conducted on 34 pacients (18 m,16 f, aged between 35-52 yrs.), presenting slowly-progressing deep marginal chronic periodontitis, complicated with dental migrations and associated with partial edentations. It was concluded that the disease is characterized by a slowly-progressing damage to the supporting elements of the teeth, and in a radiologically-clinical aspect, by a series of dominant symptoms and signs, like gingival congestion and bone destruction, which leads to periodontal pockets formation, mobility and migration of the teeth. The particularities of the clinical signs and the data from paraclinical tests, were used to develop a modern method of complex treatment of the chronic marginal periodontitis, associated with dental migrations. The goal of this method is to associate modern diagnostic techniques with the treatment, in order to reestablish the morpho-functional balance and to improve local and loco-regional homeostasis, for patients with slowly-progressing deep marginal chronic periodontitis, complicated with dental migrations and associated with partial edentations

The seroprevalence of the Herpes infections in pregnant and healthy children in Republic of Moldova

Centrul Naţional de Sănătate Publică Spitalul Clinic Municipal de Boli Contagioase pentru Copii USMF „Nicolae Testemiţanu” Institutul de Cercetări Ştiinţifice în domeniul Ocrotirii Sănătăţii mamei şi copiluluiStudy results show an increasing incidence of herpes viruses markers (HSV-1, HSV-2 and CMV) in pregnant women, children, infants, toddlers and preschool and school children. High risk of contracting herpes infection among children, including infants can be explained by the high frequency of this infection in pregnant women and children in communities, conditions typical of developing countries with poor socio-economic level. These could be targets for achieving control and prevention measures in herpes infection. Rezultatele studiului demonstrează o incidenţă sporită a marcherilor virusurilor herpetice (HSV-1; HSV-2 şi CMV), la gravide, copii sugari, copii mici şi la copii de la vârstă preşcolară şi şcolară. Riscul înalt de contractare a infecţiei herpetice de către copii, inclusiv sugari poate fi explicat prin frecvenţa înaltă a acestei infecţii la gravide şi în colectivităţile de copii, circumstanţe caracteristice pentru ţările în curs de dezvoltare cu un nivel socio-economic precar. Aceste ar putea fi obiectivele pentru realizarea măsurilor de control şi prevenţie în infecţia herpetică

Diurnal changes in pathogenic and indicator virus concentrations in wastewater

Wastewater-based epidemiology (WBE) has been commonly used for monitoring SARS-CoV-2 outbreaks. As sampling times and methods (i.e. grab vs composite) may vary, diurnal changes of viral concentrations in sewage should be better understood. In this study, we collected untreated wastewater samples hourly for 4 days at two wastewater treatment plants in Wales to establish diurnal patterns in virus concentrations and the physico-chemical properties of the water. Simultaneously, we also trialled three absorbent materials as passive samples as a simple and cost-efficient alternative for the collection of composite samples. Ninety-six percent of all liquid samples (n = 74) and 88% of the passive samplers (n = 59) were positive for SARS-CoV-2, whereas 87% and 97% of the liquid and passive samples were positive for the faecal indicator virus crAssphage, respectively. We found no significant daily variations in the concentration of the target viruses, ammonium and orthophosphate, and the pH and electrical conductivity levels were also stable. Weak positive correlations were found between some physico-chemical properties and viral concentrations. More variation was observed in samples taken from the influent stream as opposed to those taken from the influent tank. Of the absorbent materials trialled as passive samples, we found that tampons provided higher viral recoveries than electronegative filter paper and cotton gauze swabs. For all materials tested, viral recovery was dependent on the virus type. Our results indicate that grab samples may provide representative alternatives to 24-h composite samples if taken from the influent tank, hence reducing the costs of sampling for WBE programmes. Tampons are also viable alternatives for cost-efficient sampling; however, viral recovery should be optimised prior to use

Comparative assessment of Nanotrap and polyethylene glycol-based virus concentration in wastewater samples

Wastewater-based epidemiology is now widely used in many countries for the routine monitoring of SARS-CoV-2 and other viruses at a community level. However, efficient sample processing technologies are still under investigation. In this study, we compared the performance of the novel Nanotrap® Microbiome Particles (NMP) concentration method to the commonly used polyethylene glycol (PEG) precipitation method for concentrating viruses from wastewater and their subsequent quantification and sequencing. For this, we first spiked wastewater with SARS-CoV-2, influenza and measles viruses and norovirus and found that the NMP method recovered 0.4%–21% of them depending on virus type, providing consistent and reproducible results. Using the NMP and PEG methods, we monitored SARS-CoV-2, influenza A and B viruses, RSV, enteroviruses and norovirus GI and GII and crAssphage in wastewater using quantitative PCR (qPCR)-based methods and next-generation sequencing. Good viral recoveries were observed for highly abundant viruses using both methods; however, PEG precipitation was more successful in the recovery of low-abundance viruses present in wastewater. Furthermore, samples processed with PEG precipitation were more successfully sequenced for SARS-CoV-2 than those processed with the NMP method. Virus recoveries were enhanced by high sample volumes when PEG precipitation was applied. Overall, our results suggest that the NMP concentration method is a rapid and easy virus concentration method for viral targets that are abundant in wastewater, whereas PEG precipitation may be more suited to the recovery and analysis of low-abundance viruses and for next generation sequencing